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Question:
How
can I design FPGA based RISC Microprocessors?
Reply:
Usually
because of their complexity, companies will purchase
microprocessor designs.
Also know as Cores,
MegaCores
or the most recent popular name is IP Cores.
They're normally purchased by a single one-off
payment. This purchases the licence to
replicate infinitely the
circuit within your own products.
Simple devices such as UARTS
can cost around 5000 UK pounds but
microprocessors like the Z80
would be 50,000 UK pounds!
The costs of more popular microprocessors will be very high considering
the Z80 went out of production over 10 years ago.
There
are a range of Web Sites that give away
FREE IP cores
but they're unsupported.
This means that there's no guarantee
that they function correctly
and nobody to
complain to. So BEWARE!
Altera
(www.altera.com)
have their own RISC Based Microprocessor IP
Core called NIOS
that integrates into their own family of FPGAs.
These are FREE
but can only function within Altera devices. They simply recover the cost
of the IP Core development by selling lots
of their devices.
IP Cores that are purchased usually
come written in VHDL
for portability which enables them to fit into any
device large enough to hold the design.
Designing your own is perfectly feasible. However you must consider not
only the time taken to develop the design but also the time taken to fully
evaluate it.
Simulation is
the normal method
used for evaluating logic circuits.
However with a microprocessor design, inputting stimulii that resembles
an executing program would
be immense! Therefore
the evaluation would have to be done for real
with the IP Core implemented in hardware and executing a real
program.
However, where would you look when the program of an IP Core microprocessor
CRASHES? Debugging
would be extremely difficult!
This is the reason for the high purchase price
- you're getting a circuit design that WORKS!
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